Chanpter 12.縷ȭ ѹġ
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1. ° Ư ִ¹ 縷, ݰ, , , ؾ ԵǸ ̵ ° κ Ѿ ټ Ͽ Ǿ .
2. 縷ȭ ̺ ΰ Ȱ پ ο 縷 ݰ뿡 Ͼ Ȳȭ ϳ̸ ̷ üα 6 1 ü 4 1 ް .
3 縷ȭ ġ ؼ Ȳȭ Ͼ Ǵ Ȳȭ ̹ ȣ ִ 켱 Ͽ ̳ Ȳȭ 絵 ؼ ȵ ̸ 縷ȭ ѹġ ־ ȸ, rural organizations, , ΰü ⱸ ʼ ̷ .
4. 忡 Ʒ 6 ȹо߰ .
ȹо 1. 縷ȭ ѹ߹ knowledge base ȭŰ ü
[å]
UNEP 1977, 1984, 1991 ǽõ 縷ȭ Ȳ 縷ȭ ⺻ . 縷ȭ å ȿ , DZ ؼ 迡 ü system Ǿ ʿ伺 .
ϰ ȯϱ ⱸ ɷ ̸, Ư . Ͽ , ϰ ü ִ system ϴ 縷ȭ ѹ ϴµ ʼ̶ ̸, 縷ȭ ѹ߹ ó ִ ϰ ȸ ϴ ߿ϴ .
[ ǥ]
ȹ ǥ Ʒ .
ñⱸ ȯ¼Ÿ( national environmental information coordination centre)
ĺ ΰȰ ߱Ǵ Ȳȭ ϴµ ʿ system߰ Ͽ ü (regional and global systematic observation networks) ȭϰ ġ Ǿ 켱
Ȱ Ѵٴ Ͽ 縷ȭ Ȳȭ ϱ system
[å]
δ ⱸ Ͽ .
ȯ system
Earthwatch Sahara and Sahel Observatory ȯ system ȭ
ȭ õǰ, ȯ ֵ ñⱸ ȯ data м ɷ Ȯ
δ ñ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
縷ȭ Ȳȭ ߱Ǵ , ȸ ϴ , ϰ ȸ Ȯ
ĺ, ѹ, 縷ȭ ȸ Ⱓ ȣ 輺 , ϰ ȰϿ ü ൿ
δ ñ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
縷ȭ ѹ߹ õ data Ȱ ȹ Ȱ
data Ȱ Ȱ ǰ Ȳȭ ӹ ϴ (research networks) Ȯ ֵ , ǰ ִ û
ǰ , ñⱸ鰣 communication Ȱ ̷ ֵ , networks ü踦 Ȯ
δ ñ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
Ȯϰ CILSS, IGADD, SADCC ȭ
, ȸ ε ݿϿ 縷ȭ, Ȳȭ ֹ Ȱǿ database
ⱸ Ȱϰ ֵ 縷ȭ ǥ
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繫 ȹ å DZ Ͽ 93 2000 Ⱓ 350鸸$ ҿ ( 175鸸$ ȸκ ) ϰ . 並 ģ ƴϱ ҿ ݾ Ȳ .δ 縷ȭ ѹ߿ ذŰ ϰ ִ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
, , ǰ, , α Ȳ , ڿ, , ķ ̿밡 Ĺ õڿ ֽڷ
ȯ ϰ ϴµ ʿ ü踦
ⱸ ѹ߰ 縷ȭ ϰ ġϱ ֵ ο
δ 縷ȭ ѹ߹ ذϱ ϰ ִ ⱸ 縷ȭ ѹ߹ ϰ ϴµ ϰ ִ , Ѿ .
δ 縷ȭ ѹ߹ ذϱ ϰ ִ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
縷ȭ ϱ , ڿ ν ȸ ⱸɷ Ȯ
ȯ ̿뿡 ־ ֹ Ư, ûҳ
ȹо 2. Ȱ ȭϿ Ȳȭ ġ
[å]
縷ȭ drylands 70% Ǵ 4 1 شǴ 36ha ġ . rangeland, rainfed crop land irrigatedland 縷ȭ ġ ֵǾ ι 縷ȭ ġʰų 翡 Ͽ 꼺 ֵ ġ Ǿ ϸ 翡 Ͽ ġ Ǿ .
Ĺ Ȱ ȭ drylands (hydrological balance)Ӹ ƴ϶ 꼺 ϴµ ְ . ȯ ϰ ȸ 밡ϸ ̿ü踦 ν Ȳȭ ȣϰ Ȳȭ 翡 Ͽ ϴ ִ ɷ ȭϰ °谡 ִ ڿ ϴµ Ŀٶ .
[ ǥ]
ȹ ǥ Ʒ .
縷ȭ ʾҰų Ǵ Ȳ ̹ Ͽ ε Ͽ پ缺, watershedȣ, ̷ ֵ 긲 Ͽ ڿ ҵ鿡 ü踦
縷ȭ ɰ drylands ̿ ϰ ڿ 꼺 ߴ
Ȱ 縷ȭ ѹ߿ Ұų Ȥ ɼ ִ ۹(vegetation cover) Ű ڿ ȿ
(woodfuel) 긲ڿ ϰ ü ȿ ̿ Һ
[å]
δ ñ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
꼺 ֵ ȯ ϰ ϰ ڿ ϴ ո ̿ ν μ 縷ȭ ̷ Ȥ 縷ȭ ̹ å
μ ѹ , ӵ Ĺ ŸĹ ̿ µ . ̷ Ʈ Ը ȹ ٹ鿡 ũٴ Ǿ Ǵ
, ڿ ۹ system Ŵν (irrigated croplands) ġϰ õ (rainfed croplands)
ֹ ʿ ÿ ų ֵ ǰ, ֹ
پ缺 ȣϴ ÿ 縷ȭ ġ ֵ Թ Ǵ Ÿ ν Ư ȣ
Ͽ پ incentives ν drylands Ӿߴ ڸ
ü ߵ ڿ 並
δ ñ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
Ȳȭ ΰ ʷ ̿ model . models 縷ȭ Ű ε鿡 ظ Ѿ ϸ models Ȳȭ ο ȣۿ ȭŰ ° ȸ system ȣ ݿ ̾ .
ȯ Ͽ ݿǿ յǴ ѹ, ⼺ Ĺ Ͽ
UNⱸ, ⱸ, ΰⱸ ڰ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
ر Ȳȭ ġ, system ϰ ִ Ұ ȭ
Ȳȭ , Ʒñȸ Ȱ
ñ , UNⱸ ڰ ⱸ Ȳȭ ذ ġ CILSS, IGADD Arab Maghreb Union ΰⱸ ȭϿ .
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繫 ȹ å DZ Ͽ 93 2000 Ⱓ 60$ ҿ ( 30$ ȸκ ) ϰ . 並 ģ ƴϱ ҿݾ Ȳ .
ο ȸ ñ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
긲, Ӿ, õ۹ Ȳ õ ĵ 縷ȭ ѹ߿ Ȱ
ٹ ʷ ڿ ڿ ȣ, , ̿뿡 ȹ Ȯ
ο ȸ ñ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
̿, Ư Ȳȭ ġ ȯ ̿ ۵ ־ ߿ ϰ ִ mechanisms Ȯ
縷ȭ ѹ Ͼ ȿ Ư, drylands ڿ Ű Ʒû Ե ֵ
ο ȸ ñ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
Թ Ӱ ȯ ̿å
ȸ ֹ Ư, ڻ ⱸ
ȹо 3. 縷ȭ Ͼ ġϰ ü Ȱ ų ֵ մå .
[å]
縷ȭ ѹ Ͼ Ȱ İ ڿ̿ ü Ȱ ϴµ . κ ݰ Ȱ ٰ ϰ ־ Ư, ѹ α з ϰ ġ 찡 . Ӱ ϵ ü踦 ϰ üȰ ϱ ܵ Ǿ ʿ伺 .
[ ǥ]
ȹ ǥ Ʒ
ȸ ϰ ϰ ڿ ֵ ɷ Ȯ
ڿ ε ̹ ٹ ⺻Ʋ 꼺 Ȯ ֵ ü踦
Ư, ̰ڿ ҵ ߰ ν Ȱ Ŵ ڿ з ҽų ֵ ϱ ʷν ü Ȱ
[å]
δ ñ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
̳ ⱸ å οϴ ڿ б ٹ Ե ֵ å
̱ⱸ ϰ Ȯ
̿ ǥǴ ϴ ȯ, 鿡 ó ִ ι mechanisms Ȯ. ϴ ȣ ֵ Ư Ǹ ￩ .
깰 ϴµ ɻ ΰǰ ִ Ȱ ַ ִ ü ϰ Ȯ
rural banking system ̽ſ âϰ ̳
üȰ Ű Ÿ ֵ ֹε Ͽ ɷ ȮŰ ̿ ʿ Ϻα ߴ
ұԸ Ȱ õ 븦 Ű ſ â Ȱ ֵ ڰ ε鿡 ȸ
δ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
ڿ , ü Ư¡ óִ Ȳ ظ ų ֵ ȸ ؿ
ֹ , ڿ ۹ Ȳ õڿ ۼ
ȸ ǿ ˸´ Ȯ
Ÿ üȰ ߴް õ ȯ
δ ñ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
ȿ ִ ü Ӹ ƴ϶ 뵿꼺 ִ Ȱ ϰ ִ ݰ 鰣 ȣ° ȯ
ġ üȰ Ű Ȱ ϰ ִ ⱸ αⱸ鿡 ڱ ǰ ִ 鰣 ȭ
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繫 ȹ ʿ 3 ġ 14 ̹ι ԽŴ.
δ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
뿡 뿬 ǽ
ڿ ڻ ȯ Ȱ ̷ ֵ ʿ ġ
üҵ â ʿ Ȱ
δ ñ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
̳ ⱸ Ʒ ǽϰ ڿ Ͽ ڿ , ұԸ Ư Ʒ ǽ
ڵ鿡 ֹ հ ȡ Ʒ ǽ
δ ⱸ , 縷ȭ Ͼ ϴ ֹε ġŰ å ݿǴ ֵ ʿ mechanisms ȮϿ .
ȹо 4. ѹߴå ϰ ̸ ȯȹ ݿ
[å]
縷ȭ ް ִ õڿ ǰ . ڿ ȣ輺 ִ ȸü ϰ ϰ ־ ڿ ñ ԵǾ . 縷ȭ ѹġ ൿȹ ȯ ÿ Ͽ ϴ¹, ȹ ȯ溸 ൿȹ ϴ ٹ ԵǾ
[ ǥ]
ȹ ǥ Ʒ
縷ȭ ġ ϰ ̸ ȹ ݿ ֵ ɷ ȭ
drylands Ǿ ִ õڿ ȣϰ ϱ å Ծȱ(strategic planning frameworks) ȹ ݿ
Ⱓ õڿ õ å ϰ ִ Ϸð
, ġ ν 縷ȭ ġ ȭ
[å]
δ ñ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
Ϲݴκ γ ε ̿ Ʊ Ѵٴ ǥϿ յ ̳ⱸ Ӹ ƴ϶ ο ⱸ 縷ȭ ġ ϴ μ ϰ ȭ.
縷ȭġ ൿȹ ϰ ̵ ȹ ȯȹ ü ݿ
Ͽ ҳ ڿ incentive ϰ drylands ڸ ϴµ ϰ ֵ ʿ å
Ǵ 縷ȭ ϰ ִ ó ȭ
δ ñ ⱸ ظ ִ ν ̵ ̿ õ ȯ ֵ Ͽ .
ñⱸ, (multilateral financial institutions), ΰⱸ ڰ ±ⱸ ü ġ ϰ ̵ ġ ν 縷ȭ ϰ ̸ ݿ۵ ֵ ȣ ȭϿ .
1994 6 ѹ߰ 縷ȭ ɰϰ ްִ Ư, ī 縷ȭ ġϴµ Ѵٴ ǥϿ UNȸ Ŀ ΰ ȸ ġϵ 47 ȸ ûϿ .
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繫 ȹ å DZ Ͽ 93 2000 Ⱓ 180鸸$ ҿ ( 90鸸$ ȸκ ) ϰ . 並 ģ ƴϱ ҿݾ Ȳ .
δ ñ ⱸ Ʒ Ͽ .
ȸδ , ȯ 밡ϰ ϸ
ȯ溸 ൿȹ ȹ ݿŰ 뿬 ǽ
δ ñ ⱸ ⱸ ΰⱸ Ͽ úó 縷ȭġ ȹ ȯ溸ȹ ݿԿ ־ ȣ ִ mechanisms Ȯϰ ̸ Ѿ .
